RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a primeira ocorrência de Kudoa sp. em Gobioides grahamae, contribuindo, assim, para a compreensão desse grupo de parasitas na ictiofauna amazônica. Foram analisados 40 espécimes de G. grahamae coletados de ambiente natural. Cistos de Kudoa sp. foram distribuídos difusamente através das fibras musculares esqueléticas estriadas com presença de edema grave e infiltrado inflamatório composto de linfócitos, que foram observados em 30% dos espécimes. Edema e necrose de coagulação acentuada das fibras musculares foram associados com a infecção por esporos de Kudoa sp., acumulados no interior das fibras musculares da faringe. Apesar de não haver registros de surtos de origem alimentar causada por Kudoa spp. no Brasil, é de suma importância a avaliação de sua ocorrência, uma vez que o consumo de peixe, especialmente peixe cru, aumentou por causa da adoção da culinária japonesa. Para minimizar os impactos econômicos no mercado da pesca e o risco desse parasita para a saúde pública, é necessário iniciar um programa para monitorar a presença desse parasita emergente, possivelmente subdiagnosticada.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to describe the first occurrence ofKudoasp. inGobioides grahamae, contributing to the understanding of this group of parasites in the Amazonian ichthyofauna. Forty specimens ofG. grahamaecollected from the natural environment were analyzed. Cysts ofKudoasp. were diffusely distributed through the striated skeletal muscle fibers with severe edema and inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes were observed in 30% of the specimens. Edema and marked coagulation necrosis of the muscle fibers was associated with infection byKudoasp. spores, which had accumulated inside the skeletal muscle fibers. Although there are no records of foodborne outbreaks caused by Kudoa spp. in Brazil, it is of paramount importance that we evaluate its occurrence, since the consumption of fish, especially raw fish, has increased because of the adoption of Japanese cuisine. To minimize the economic impacts on the fisheries market and the risk of this parasite to public health, it is necessary to initiate a program to monitor the presence of this likely underdiagnosed, emerging parasite.

Objective to evaluate the incidence of pressure injuries in patients admitted to hospital and associated risk factors. Method prospective, longitudinal, observational study. The data were collected for 60 consecutive days, using the proper form, skin inspection, medical chart and prescription. The analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Results sample consisting of 70 patients: 65.7% elderly, 30.0% diabetics and 61.4% hypertensive. The incidence of pressure injury was 24.3% and there was a statistically significant association between diaper use, impaired physical mobility and decubitus change. As for Braden's classification, 70.6% presented severe risk and 64.7% of the injuries were classified as stage I. Conclusion immobility, use of diapers and severe risk at the time of admission were found in patients who developed injury.

Objetivo evaluar la incidencia de las lesiones por presión en los pacientes hospitalizados en unidades de internación y los factores de riesgo asociados. Método estudio prospectivo, longitudinal y de observación. Los datos se reunieron durante 60 días consecutivos, utilizando el formulario adecuado, la inspección de la piel, el cuadro médico y la prescripción médica. El análisis se realizó mediante estadísticas descriptivas, la prueba de chi-cuadrado y la prueba exacta de Fisher. Resultados muestra compuesta por 70 pacientes: 65,7% ancianos, 30,0% diabéticos y 61,4% hipertensos. La incidencia de lesiones por presión fue del 24,3% y hubo una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el uso de pañales, el deterioro de la movilidad física y el cambio de decúbito. En cuanto a la clasificación de Braden, el 70,6% presentaba un riesgo grave y el 64,7% de las lesiones se clasificaron como etapa I. Conclusión la inmovilidad, el uso de pañales y el riesgo grave en el momento de la admisión se encontraron en pacientes que desarrollaron lesión.

Objetivo avaliar incidência de lesão por pressão em pacientes internados em unidades de internação e fatores de riscos associados. Método estudo prospectivo, longitudinal, observacional. Os dados foram coletados por 60 dias consecutivos, utilizando-se formulário próprio, inspeção da pele, prontuário e prescrição médica. A análise foi realizada por estatística descritiva, teste de qui-quadrado e teste exato de Fisher. Resultados amostra constituída de 70 pacientes: 65,7% idosos, 30,0% diabéticos e 61,4% hipertensos. A incidência de lesão por pressão foi de 24,3% e houve associação estatisticamente significante entre uso de fraldas, mobilidade física prejudicada e mudança de decúbito. Quanto à classificação de Braden, 70,6% apresentaram risco severo e 64,7% das lesões foram classificadas como estágio I. Conclusão a imobilidade, o uso de fraldas e risco severo no momento da admissão foram encontrados nos pacientes que desenvolveram lesão.

RESUMO Introdução: o sarcoma primário do fígado é uma neoplasia rara, que acomete mais frequentemente crianças. Nos adultos, representa espectro de neoplasias de prognóstico reservado. Entretanto, em nenhuma faixa etária há consenso sobre a terapêutica de escolha dessas lesões, motivando revisão sistemática com objetivo de elencar opções de tratamento, fatores prognósticos e sobrevida. Material/Método: realizamos revisão sistemática dos artigos publicados nas bases de dados Pubmed, Medline, LiLacs e Scielo, de 1966 a março/2019, contendo as palavras-chaves: primary-liver-sarcoma e primary-hepatic-sarcoma. Foram incluídos estudos que incluíram pacientes com idade a partir de 18 anos e publicados em inglês, português e espanhol. Relatos de caso, tumores metastáticos e pacientes com múltiplos diagnósticos oncológicos foram excluídos. Foram encontrados inicialmente 1.318 artigos, desses, 1.206 foram excluídos por estarem fora dos critérios de inclusão. Dos 112 artigos analisados e discutidos, 15 foram incluídos nesse artigo (14 séries de casos e 1 estudo de coorte retrospectivo). Resultado: os tratamentos propostos para o sarcoma primário do fígado em adultos incluíram cirurgia e/ou quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia ou transplante hepático. Os tipos histológicos mais frequentemente relados foram angiossarcoma (32%), leiomiossarcoma (29%), hemangioendotelioma epitelioide (15%) e sarcoma embrionário (7%). Tipo histológico, grau de diferenciação e resseção R0 foram os principais fatores de bom prognóstico. A sobrevida média total variou de dois a 23 meses. A sobrevida em cinco anos variou entre 0 e 64%, em média 21%. Conclusão: ressecção cirúrgica R0 é a base do tratamento dos sarcomas primários do fígado. Esse grupo heterogêneo de tumores requer desenvolvimento de terapias sistêmicas efetivas para melhoria do prognóstico.

ABSTRACT Introduction: primary liver sarcoma is a rare type of tumor, more common in children. Among adults, it represents a spectrum of neoplasms with reserved prognosis. There is no consensus on the treatment of choice of these lesions, justifying a systematic review of the literature on treatment options, prognostic factors, and survival. Material/Methods: a systematic review of articles published in Pubmed, Medline, LiLacs e SciElo, from 1966 to March/2019, presenting the keywords: primary-liver-sarcoma and primary-hepatic-sarcoma was undertaken. Studies including patients older than 18 years, and published in English, Portuguese and Spanish were included. Case reports, metastatic tumors and multiple oncologic diagnosis were excluded. The initial search listed 1,318 articles. 1,206 did not meet the inclusion criteria. After reviewing 112 eligible articles, 15 were selected (14 case series and 1 retrospective-cohort). Results: proposed treatment modalities for primary liver sarcoma included surgery and/or chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy or liver transplantation. The most common histological types were angiosarcoma (32%), leiomyosarcoma (29%), epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (15%) and embryonal sarcoma (7%). Histology, degree of differentiation and R0 resection were mentioned positive prognostic factors. Median survival ranged from two to 23 months. Five-year survival rate varied from 0% to 64%, on average 21%. Conclusion: surgical resection (R0 resection) is the main treatment for primary liver sarcomas. Development of effective systemic therapies are required to improve prognosis of patients harboring this type of tumor.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate productive performance and egg quality of Japanese quails (Cortunix japonica) fed with synthetic and natural pigments. The treatments used were: 0.8% paprika extract (Capsicum annuum), 0.8% marigold flower extract, 4% paprika extract and 4% marigold flower extract and 0.045% synthetic pigment (Canthaxanthin) in feed. A total of 240 Japanese quails at 20 weeks of age were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and six replicates, with eight quails per experimental unit (30 experimental units). There was no difference (p > 0.05) for the evaluated parameters, except for yolk color which showed significant difference (p < 0.05) between the treatments used. The inclusion of 0.8% natural pigments in diet of Japanese quails can be used to substitute canthaxathin because it is effective on improving yolk color without affect performance and the quails egg quality.

RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar a taxa de ressecção abdominoperineal em portadores de adenocarcinoma de reto inferior no Hospital Barão de Lucena – SES/PE. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo baseado na análise de prontuários de pacientes com adenocarcinoma de reto inferior submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico no serviço de Coloproctologia do Hospital Barão de Lucena entre 2013 e 2016. Resultados: Observou-se que 77,5% dos pacientes foram submetidos à ressecção abdominoperineal e 22,5% à cirurgia com preservação esfincteriana. A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (62,5%), tinha menos que 70 anos (72,5%), apresentava IMC menor que 30 kg/m2 (87,5%), apresentava ASA I e II (82,5%), classificação de Rullier de I a III (95%) e TNM diferente de T1-T3 (95%). Em 92,5% dos prontuários, não havia registro sobre a continência fecal antes da cirurgia. O período mais frequente entre o término da radioterapia e a realização da cirurgia foi superior a 11 semanas (57,5%); a distância, mais comum, do tumor à margem anal estava entre 3,1–4,0 cm (35% dos pacientes). Conclusão: Houve uma alta taxa de cirurgias não poupadoras de esfíncter anal. O único fator preditivo para a realização da ressecção abdominoperineal foi a presença de tumores classificados como Rulier tipo III e IV.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the rates of abdominoperineal resection in patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma at the Hospital Barão de Lucena – SES/PE. Methodology: This is a study based on the analysis of medical records of patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma submitted to surgical treatment at the Hospital Barão de Lucena Coloproctology Service between 2013 and 2016. Results: It was observed that 77.5% of patients underwent abdominoperineal resection and 22.5% underwent anal sparing surgery. Most of the patients were male (62.5%), were under 70 years old (72.5%), presented a BMI less than 30 kg/m2 (87.5%), presented American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score I and III (82.5%), Rullier classification from I to III (95%) and TNM different from T1–T3 (95%). In 92.5% of medical records, there was no record of fecal continence before surgery. The most frequent period between the end of the radiotherapy and the surgery was over 11 weeks (57.5%); the most common distance from the tumor to the anal margin was between 3.1 and 4.0 cm (35% of patients). Conclusion: There was a high rate of non-sparing anal sphincter surgeries. The only predictive factor for abdominoperineal resection was the presence of tumors classified as Rullier type III and IV.

Los cambios y las reformas de la administración pública y, en particular, de la administración de la salud, crearon una serie de desafíos para los líderes, en el que incluye la creación y aplicación de códigos de ética, factor generador de tensiones dentro de las instituciones. En este artículo se describe la visión de los altos directivos en el sector de la salud pública en Portugal, sobre el tema de la gestión de la ética. La investigación se llevó a cabo a finales de 2015 e incluyó entrevistas en profundidad con 11 líderes, así como el análisis del encuadramiento legal en la materia. Se emplearon técnicas de análisis de contenido para estudiar los relatos recogidos. Las opiniones expresadas por los líderes ponen en evidencia cuatro temas relativos a los códigos de ética: su importancia en las instituciones del sector salud; su preparación y revisión; su difusión y conocimiento; y su papel en el ambiente organizacional.

As mudanças e reformas da administração pública e, em particular, da administração da saúde, criaram um conjunto de desafios aos dirigentes, nos quais se inclui a criação e implementação de códigos de ética, fator gerador de tensões no seio das instituições. Este artigo descreve a visão dos dirigentes superiores do setor público da saúde, em Portugal, relativamente ao tema da gestão da ética. A investigação teve lugar no final de 2015 e envolveu entrevistas aprofundadas a 11 dirigentes, bem como a análise do enquadramento legal relativo ao tema. Foram empregues técnicas de análise de conteúdo para estudar as narrativas recolhidas. As visões expressas pelos dirigentes colocam em evidência quatro tópicos relativos aos códigos de ética: a sua importância nas instituições do setor da saúde; a sua elaboração e revisão; a sua divulgação e conhecimento; e o seu papel no ambiente organizacional.

Les changements et les réformes de l’administration publique, en particulier dans le secteur de la santé, ont lancé des défis aux dirigeants, parmi lesquels l’élaboration et la mise en place de codes d’éthique, qui sont venus créer des tensions au sein des établissements. Cet article décrit le point de vue des dirigeants du secteur public de la santé au Portugal, concernant la gestion de l’éthique. La recherche s’est déroulée à la fin de l’année 2015 et a impliqué des entretiens approfondis avec 11 dirigeants, ainsi que l’analyse du cadre légal applicable à ce thème, en utilisant des techniques d’analyse de contenu pour étudier les propos recueillis. Les points de vue exprimés par ces dirigeants font ressortir quatre points concernant les codes d’éthique: leur importance au sein des établissements du secteur de la santé; leur élaboration et leur révision; leur diffusion et leur connaissance; et leur rôle dans l’environnement organisationnel.

Changes and reforms in public administration and, in particular, in health administration, created a number of challenges for leaders, which include the creation and implementation of codes of ethics, a factor that generates tensions within institutions. This article describes the vision on the subject of ethics management, held by senior managers in the public health sector in Portugal. The research was conducted in late 2015 and included in-depth interviews with 11 leaders as well as the analysis of the legal framework of this subject. Content analysis techniques were used to study the collected narratives. The views expressed by the leaders highlight four topics relating to codes of ethics: their importance in health institutions; their preparation and review; their dissemination and knowledge; and their role in the organizational environment.

ABSTRACT. The aim of this research was evaluate the productive performance, egg quality and the endoparasites presence on Carijó laying hens in Cage Free system, fed with two experimental diets, one of them supplemented with fresh banana leaf in natura. It were used 196 laying hens with twenty-four weeks of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with 14 boxes, two experimental diets and seven replicates, by treatment with fourteen birds per experimental unit. The variables analyzed were: feed intake; egg production; egg mass: feed conversion per egg mass; feed conversion per dozen eggs; egg weight; albumen weight; yolk weight; shell weight; yolk percentage; albumen percentage shell percentage; yolk pigmentation and the presence of endoparasites. No influence (p > 0.05) were found, for performance and egg production, in Carijó laying hens fed supplemented with banana leaf in natura. For the treatment with inclusion of banana leaf, yolk pigmentation were superior (p < 0.05) when compared to control diet, producing eggs with more yolks orange color. In respect to endoparasite analysis, there was significant effect (p < 0.05) in the percentage of infections present in excretas. Among the treatments evaluated, the one with banana leaf supplementation reduced in 26.54% the endoparasites presence. The inclusion of banana leaf in the diet of Carijo laying hens does not affect performance and eggs quality and decreases the amount of endoparasites of the genus Strogyloides spp.

ABSTRACT Background: Although chronic lymphocytic leukemia is basically a B cell disease, its pathophysiology and evolution are thought to be significantly influenced by T cells, as these are probably the most important interaction partner of neoplastic B cells, participating in their expansion, differentiation and survival. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells may also drive functional and phenotypic changes of non-malignant T cells. There are few data about the association between memory T cells and prognosis, especially related to ZAP-70, a common reliable surrogate of the gold standard chronic lymphocytic leukemia prognostic markers. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the expression of ZAP-70 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients is associated with abnormal patterns of the distribution of naïve and memory T cells related to crosstalk between these cells. Methods: In this cross-sectional, controlled study, patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were compared with healthy blood donors regarding the expression of ZAP-70 and the distribution of naïve and memory T cell subsets in peripheral blood as measured by flow cytometry. Results: ZAP-70 positive patients presented an increased frequency and absolute number of central memory CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, compared to ZAP-70 negative patients and age-matched apparently healthy donors. Conclusions: Because central memory CD4+ T cells are located in lymph nodes and express CD40L, we consider that malignant ZAP-70-positive B cells may receive beneficial signals from central memory CD4+ T cells as they accumulate, which could contribute to more aggressive disease.

Resumo Fundamentos: A insatisfação dos profissionais de saúde dos serviços de urgência tem influência negativa na qualidade do cuidado ao infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) e na fixação desses profissionais. Objetivo: Avaliar a satisfação de médicos com a estrutura de atendimento e diagnóstico de serviços públicos de urgência na Região Ampliada Norte de Minas Gerais, previamente à implantação da linha de cuidado ao IAM. Métodos: Estudo transversal, que incluiu médicos das unidades de emergência do SAMU e de hospitais regionais nível II, III e IV. Foi avaliada a satisfação usando a escala CARDIOSATIS-Team. O escore mediano para cada item, a escala global e os domínios foram calculados e então comparados por grupos, utilizando o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. Foi avaliada a correlação entre tempo de formação e nível de satisfação com o método de Spearman. Um valor-p < 0,05 foi considerado significativo. Resultados: De 137 médicos incluídos, 46% trabalhavam no SAMU. A maior parte dos entrevistados demonstrou insatisfação geral com a estrutura de atendimento, cuja mediana da escala global foi 2,0 (intervalo interquartil [IQ] 2,0-4,0). A maioria dos médicos do SAMU demonstrou-se insatisfeita quanto a atendimento prestado (54%), estrutura para condução das doenças cardiovasculares (52%) e tecnologia disponível para diagnóstico (54%). Na avaliação da satisfação global, evidenciou-se que a insatisfação dos médicos do SAMU foi menor quando comparada à dos médicos de urgência hospitalar. Os médicos de hospitais nível III/IV demonstraram maior satisfação global quando comparados aos de hospitais nível II. Conclusão: Este estudo demonstrou insatisfação geral dos médicos dos serviços de urgência na região em relação à estrutura de atendimento às emergências cardiovasculares.

Abstract Background: The dissatisfaction of health professionals in emergency services has a negative influence on both the quality of care provided for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients and the retention of those professionals. Objective: To assess physicians’ satisfaction with the structure of care and diagnosis at the emergency services in the Northern Region of Minas Gerais before the implementation of the AMI system of care. Methods: This cross-sectional study included physicians from the emergency units of the ambulance service (SAMU) and level II, III and IV regional hospitals. Satisfaction was assessed by using the CARDIOSATIS-Team scale. The median score for each item, the overall scale and the domains were calculated and then compared by groups using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. Correlation between time since graduation and satisfaction level was assessed using Spearman correlation. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 137 physicians included in the study, 46% worked at SAMU. Most of the interviewees showed overall dissatisfaction with the structure of care, and the median score for the overall scale was 2.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 2.0-4.0]. Most SAMU physicians expressed their dissatisfaction with the care provided (54%), the structure for managing cardiovascular diseases (52%), and the technology available for diagnosis (54%). The evaluation of the overall satisfaction evidenced that the dissatisfaction of SAMU physicians was lower when compared to that of hospital emergency physicians. Level III/IV hospital physicians expressed greater overall satisfaction when compared to level II hospital physicians. Conclusion: This study showed the overall dissatisfaction of the emergency physicians in the region assessed with the structure of care for cardiovascular emergencies.

RESUMO O presente estudo descreve os aspectos histopatológicos de infecção causada por mixosporídio da espécie Kudoa orbicularis, o qual forma pseudocistos dispersos em toda a musculatura estriada esquelética, epi e hipoaxial, de Chaetobranchopsis orbicularis, capturados no Rio Arari, município de Cachoeira do Arari, Ilha do Marajó, Pará. Foram realizadas as técnicas histológicas de impregnação em parafina, utilizando-se as colorações de hematoxilina-eosina, Gomori, Ziehl-Neelsen e Giemsa. As análises necroscópicas dos espécimes de C. orbicularis revelaram 100% (50/50) de infecção por K. orbicularis. Os espécimes apresentavam macroscopicamente musculatura com características anormais de textura, se mostrava inconsistente e frágil. Durante a necropsia, pôde ser observado um progressivo amolecimento da musculatura, o que demonstra um rápido processo enzimático autolítico. Com base nos achados descritos neste trabalho, caracterizou-se uma infecção da musculatura de C. orbicularis por K.orbicularis, com demonstração de sinais clínicos de doença no peixe; os achados necroscópicos mostraram danos ao organismo hospedeiro, com instalação de infecção fibrosística nas fibras musculares, associada com uma mioliquefação post mortem.

ABSTRACT This study describes aspects of infections caused by the myxosporidian Kudoa orbicularis in filter-feeding cichlids, Chaetobranchopsis orbicularis, caught in the Arari River in the municipality of Cachoeira do Arari, on Marajó Island, Pará, Brazil. The parasite forms pseudocysts scattered throughout the striated epaxial and hypaxial muscles. Samples embedded in paraffin were analyzed histologically using hematoxylin-eosin, Gömöri, Ziehl-Neelsen, and Giemsa staining. Necropsy of the C. orbicularis specimens revealed that 100% (50/50) were infected with K. orbicularis. The specimens presented grossly abnormal muscle texture, resulting in extensive inconsistencies and weakness. Progressive softening of the muscles was observed during necropsy, indicating the rapid enzymatic autolysis of the tissue. The parasite found in the muscle tissue of C. orbicularis was identified as K. orbicularis, with clinical signs of disease being observed in the fish. The necropsy revealed extensive damage to the host organism, with well-established fibrocystic infections in the muscle fibers, associated with post mortem myoliquefaction.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are an essential examination for identification and management of cardiovascular emergencies.The aim of this study was to report on the frequency and recognition of cardiovascular emergencies in primary care units. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational retrospective study assessing consecutive patients whose digital ECGs were sent for analysis to the team of the Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais. METHODS: Data from patients diagnosed with cardiological emergencies in the primary care setting of 750 municipalities in Minas Gerais, Brazil, between March and September 2015, were collected via telephone contact with the healthcare practitioner who performed the ECG. After collection, the data were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: Over the study period, 304 patients with cardiovascular emergencies were diagnosed within primary care. Only 73.4% of these were recognized by the local physicians. Overall, the most frequent ECG abnormalities were acute ischemic patterns (44.7%) and the frequency of such patterns was higher among the ECGs assigned as emergency priority (P = 0.03). It was possible to obtain complete information on 231 patients (75.9%). Among these, the mean age was 65 ± 14.4 years, 57.1% were men and the most prevalent comorbidity was hypertension (68.4%). In total, 77.9% were referred to a unit caring for cases of higher complexity and 11.7% of the patients died. CONCLUSION: In this study, cardiovascular emergencies were misdiagnosed in primary care settings, acute myocardial ischemia was the most frequent emergency and the mortality rate was high.

Este trabalho registra a ocorrência espontânea de ameloblastoma em P. scalare. O tumor foi obtido a partir de um exemplar de Acará Bandeira, sendo fixado, seccionado, e os fragmentos processados para microscopia de luz e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). O exame macroscópico evidenciou uma massa tumoral que se estendia do rebordo alveolar do maxilar superior à face externa labial. À MEV, a neoplasia apresentou uma série de espículas. Microscopicamente, percebia-se um processo neoplásico constituído por tecido conjuntivo de característica mixoide, ricamente vascularizado, onde eram observados fragmentos de tecido osteoide. A amostra revelou proliferação neoplásica do epitélio odontogênico, onde as células neoplásicas se organizavam na forma de paliçada. Alterações histopatológicas em peixes têm sido úteis biomarcadores do efeito à exposição a substâncias tóxicas, sendo as neoplasias lesões específicas, comumente encontradas em peixes de áreas poluídas, revelando uma associação entre as lesões e a exposição a irritantes.

Schinopsis brasiliensis is an endangered tree species found in the Caatinga biome. It presents a characteristic slow development and difficult propagation, although it has been traditionally exploited in the region. Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphorus (P) fertilization may be beneficial to S. brasiliensis development at the seedling stage, which at the same time may help species conservation and the recovery of degraded areas in the Caatinga biome. We assessed the response of S. brasiliensis to AMF inoculation (Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Acaulospora longula) and P fertilization (0, 12, 24, and 48 mg dm−3 addition of P2O5). S. brasiliensis responded positively to both AMF inoculation and P fertilization. At low P concentrations, the inoculated plants showed higher leaf area and enhanced vegetative development, nutrient content and biomass production compared with non-inoculated plants. Conversely, increasing levels of P fertilization decreased the level of mycorrhizal colonization, plant responsiveness to inoculation, and spore production in C. etunicatum. Thus, P concentrations were able to influence the response of S. brasiliensis to mycorrhization and responsiveness to increased mycorrhization with the decrease in P availability. These results showed that mycorrhizal symbiosis plays an essential role in the development of S. brasiliensis.

RESUMOTumor de Buschke-Loewenstein ou condiloma acuminado gigante é uma doença causada por um vírus de DNA, o papilomavírus humano (HPV), auto-inoculável, sendo transmi-tido sexualmente. Histologicamente, são tumores benignos, porém, de comportamento clínico maligno, apresentando alta propensão à recorrência local e a degeneração maligna. O quadro clínico consiste na presença de uma volumosa massa condilomatosa perianal, com aspecto de couve-flor, com numerosos trajetos fistulosos, podendo provocar grande destruição do canal anal e invasão dos tecidos adjacentes. Sangramento, odor fétido, dor local e perda ponderal são também descritos. O diagnóstico é feito por biópsia, que deve afastar a presença de transformação maligna, que ocorre em 30-50% dos casos. Associado à biópsia, pode ser realizado um teste de hibridização para diagnosticar a infecção por HPV, principalmente os subtipos 6 e 11 que são comumente relacionados. O tratamento de escolha é a excisão cirúrgica radical, entretanto, os pacientes que apresentam lesão extensa com fístula, podem requerer colostomia temporária. Alguns autores advogam a amputação abdominoperineal do reto nos casos de infiltração dos esfíncteres ou do reto. O estudo foi designado para se avaliar a experiência do serviço de coloproctologia de um hospital de referência no Nordeste brasileiro com esta rara entidade, contribuindo com a literatura mundial na abordagem desta enfermidade.

ABSTRACTBuschke-Loewenstein Tumor or giant condyloma acuminatum is a disease caused by a DNA virus, the self-inoculable human papilloma virus (HPV), being sexually transmitted. Histologically BLT is a benign tumor, but with malignant clinical behavior and a high propensity for local recurrence and malignant degeneration. The clinical picture consists of the presence of a cauliflower-like bulky condylomatous perianal mass with multiple fistulous tracts, which can cause great destruction of the anal canal, with invasion of adjacent tissues. Bleeding, foul odor, local pain and weight loss are also described. The diagnosis is established by biopsy, that should exclude the presence of malignant transformation, which occurs in 30-50% of cases. Associated with a biopsy, the hybridization test may be performed to diagnose HPV infection, especially subtypes 6 and 11, that are commonly related. The treatment of choice is radical surgical excision; however, those patients presenting with extensive fistulous lesions may require a temporary colostomy. Some authors advocate an abdominoperineal resection in cases of infiltration of the sphincter or rectum. This study was designed to evaluate the experience of the service of Coloproctology at a referral hospital in Northeastern Brazil with this rare entity, contributing to world literature in addressing this disease.

Objetivou-se determinar a degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca, proteína bruta e fibra em detergente neutro das silagens de diferentes frações da parte aérea de quatro variedades de mandioca. Os ensaios de degradabilidade foram realizados segundo um delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, sendo 4 variedades (Amarelinha, Sabará, Olho Roxo e Periquita) e 3 frações da parte aérea (planta inteira, terço superior e sobras do plantio). As silagens do terço superior e das sobras do plantio apresentaram maior fração solúvel da MS em relação à planta inteira. Dentro de cada variedade, a Sabará e a Olho Roxo apresentaram na fração do terço superior maiores degradabilidades efetivas da MS. Entre as variedades, a Sabará apresentou maior degradabilidade efetiva da MS (51,59%). As variedades Sabará e Periquita foram iguais e apresentaram degradabilidade efetiva da PB superiores às variedades Amarelinha e Olho Roxo na silagem do terço superior. A Sabará apresentou maior degradabilidade efetiva da FDN nas silagens do terço superior e sobras de plantio. A silagem da parte aérea da variedade de mandioca Sabará apresenta melhor degradabilidade ruminal , considerando-se a fração do terço superior. As sobras de plantio também demonstram bom potencial para utilização na forma de silagem, na alimentação de ruminantes.

The objective of this study was to determine the degradability of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of silage from different shoot fractions of four varieties of cassava. The degradability tests were performed according to a randomized block design in a factorial 4 x 3, 4 varieties (Amarelinha, Sabará, OlhoRoxoand Periquita) and 3 shoot fractions (whole plant, planting remains and upper third). The upper third of the silage and the planting remains presented higher soluble fraction of DM than the whole plant. Within each variety, Sabará and Olho Roxo presented, in the upper third, higher fraction of DM effective degradability. Among the varieties, Sabará presented higher DM effective degradability. The varieties Sabará and Periquita were equal and presented higher CP effective degradability than varieties Amarelinha and Olho Roxo in the upper third of the silage. Sabará showed higher NDF effective degradability in the upper third and planting remains. The silage from the shoot of Sabará variety showed better rumen degradability, mainly in the upper third fraction. The planting remains also showed good potential for use as silage in feed for ruminants.